Modern Stochastics: Theory and Applications

A bivariate integer-valued autoregressive process of order 1 (BINAR(1)) with copula-joint innovations is studied. Different parameter estimation methods are analyzed and compared via Monte Carlo simulations with emphasis on estimation of the copula dependence parameter. An empirical application on defaulted and non-defaulted loan data is carried out using different combinations of copula functions and marginal distribution functions covering the cases where both marginal distributions are from the same family, as well as the case where they are from different distribution families.

It was recently proved that any strictly stationary stochastic process can be viewed as an autoregressive process of order one with coloured noise. Furthermore, it was proved that, using this characterisation, one can define closed form estimators for the model parameter based on autocovariance estimators for several different lags. However, this estimation procedure may fail in some special cases. In this article, a detailed analysis of these special cases is provided. In particular, it is proved that these cases correspond to degenerate processes.

Tests for proportional hazards assumption concerning specified covariates or groups of covariates are proposed. The class of alternatives is wide: log-hazard rates under different values of covariates may cross, approach, go away. The data may be right censored. The limit distribution of the test statistic is derived. Power of the test against approaching alternatives is given. Real data examples are considered.

Moment inequalities for a class of functionals of i.i.d. random fields are proved. Then rates are derived in the central limit theorem for weighted sums of such randoms fields via an approximation by m-dependent random fields.